Akupanga matenda
Medical akupanga diagnostic chida ndi mankhwala chida chomwe chimaphatikiza sonar mfundo ndi radar luso ntchito zachipatala.Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti mafunde afupipafupi omwe akupanga pulse amalowa m'thupi, ndipo maonekedwe osiyanasiyana amawonekera kuchokera kumagulu osiyanasiyana m'thupi kuti apange zithunzi.Kuti mudziwe ngati pali zotupa m'thupi.The akupanga diagnostic chida chapangidwa kuchokera choyambirira-dimensional akupanga kupanga sikani chionetsero kwa awiri-dimensional atatu-dimensional ndi anayi dimensional akupanga sikani ndi kuwonetsera, amene kwambiri kumawonjezera mamvekedwe zambiri ndi kupanga zotupa mu biological thupi bwino ndi zosavuta. kusiyanitsa.Choncho, adzakhala kwambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akupanga matenda chida.
1. One-dimensional akupanga sikani ndi kuwonetsera
Pazida zoyezetsa akupanga, anthu nthawi zambiri amatchula mtundu A ndi Mtundu M, womwe umadziwika ndi ukadaulo woyezera mtunda wa pulse-echo, ngati kuyesa kwa akupanga kwa mbali imodzi.Malangizo a mtundu uwu wa akupanga umuna ndi zosasinthika, ndi matalikidwe kapena imvi lonse la chizindikiro anasonyeza mmbuyo kwa sanali munthawi yomweyo impedance mawonekedwe ndi osiyana.Pambuyo pakukulitsa, imawonetsedwa mozungulira kapena molunjika pazenera.Chithunzi chamtunduwu chimatchedwa chithunzi cha akupanga chimodzi.
(1) Lembani A ultrasound scan
Kufufuza (transducer) malinga ndi kafukufuku udindo, m'njira yokhazikika kwa thupi la munthu zimatulutsa angapo megahertz akupanga yoweyula, kupyolera mu thupi la munthu echo kusinkhasinkha ndi matalikidwe, ndi echo matalikidwe ndi mawonekedwe pa chionetserocho.Kulumikizana koyima kwa chiwonetserochi kukuwonetsa mawonekedwe a amplitude wave of the reflection echo;Pali nthawi ndi sikelo yamtunda pa abscissa.Izi zitha kutengera malo a echo, echo matalikidwe, mawonekedwe, nambala yoweyula ndi zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi chotupa ndi malo amtundu wa mutuwo kuti adziwe.A – mtundu akupanga kafukufuku mu A chokhazikika udindo angapeze sipekitiramu.
(2) M-mtundu wa ultrasound scanner
The kafukufuku (transducer) transmits ndi kulandira akupanga mtengo kwa thupi mu malo okhazikika ndi malangizo.Mtengowo umasinthira kuwala kwa mzere woyimirira wa chiwonetserocho podutsa ma echo akuya kosiyanasiyana, ndikukulitsa mu dongosolo la nthawi, ndikupanga chithunzi chakuyenda kwa mfundo iliyonse mumgawo umodzi wanthawi yake.Iyi ndi M-mode ultrasound.Itha kumvekanso ngati: M-mode ultrasound ndi tchati chanthawi imodzi chakusintha kwanthawi mosiyanasiyana mozama motsatira njira yomweyo.M - jambulani dongosolo makamaka oyenera kuwunika ziwalo zamagalimoto.Mwachitsanzo, pakuwunika kwa mtima, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magwiridwe antchito a mtima imatha kuyeza pamayendedwe a graph, kotero kuti m-mode ultrasound.Amatchedwanso echocardiography.
2. Awiri dimensional akupanga sikani ndi kuwonetsera
Chifukwa kupanga sikani kwa mbali imodzi kumatha kuzindikira ziwalo zamunthu malinga ndi matalikidwe a akupanga kubwereranso ndi kachulukidwe ka echo mu graph, mawonekedwe amtundu wa ultrasound (mtundu wa ultrasound) amakhala ochepa kwambiri pakuzindikira kwachipatala kwa akupanga.Mfundo ya awiri-dimensional akupanga sikani kujambula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito akupanga zimachitika echo, kuwala kusintha awiri azithunzithunzi imvi lonse anasonyeza, izo momveka bwino zambiri za gawo la thupi la munthu.Awiri azithunzithunzi kupanga sikani dongosolo kupanga transducer kwa thupi la munthu m'njira yokhazikika mkati kafukufuku anapezerapo angapo MHZ ultrasound, ndi liwiro lina mu danga awiri azithunzithunzi, ndicho scanned kwa danga awiri azithunzi-thunzi, ndiye anatumiza pambuyo munthu. thupi kuti akweze kachitidwe ka ma echo kuti awonetse cathode kapena kuwongolera pa gridi, kuwonetsa kuwala kwa malo owala kumasintha ndi kukula kwa siginecha ya echo, Chithunzi chamitundu iwiri cha tomography chimapangidwa.Ikawonetsedwa pazenera, cholumikizira chimayimira nthawi kapena kuya kwa phokoso m'thupi, pomwe kuwala kumasinthidwa ndi matalikidwe a ultrasonic echo pamalo ofananirako, ndipo abscissa imayimira mayendedwe amtengo wowunikira. thupi la munthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-28-2022